Main spare parts function of jaw crusher popular science

Main spare parts function of jaw crusher popular science

Introduction

Jaw crusher contains a set of wearing spare parts and key replacement components. These consumables bear direct impact, extrusion and friction during stone crushing. Understanding the functions of each main spare part helps operators conduct regular inspection, timely replacement and reduce machine breakdown downtime. Below is detailed popular science explanation for all core spare parts and their unique roles.

1. Jaw Plates (Fixed Jaw Plate & Movable Jaw Plate)

Core Function

The most critical quick-wear spare parts, also called tooth plates. A pair of jaw plates forms the V-shaped crushing cavity to squeeze and split all hard rocks and ores.
  • The raised tooth ridges on surface increase splitting force to crack brittle stone efficiently.
  • Bear long-term high-pressure abrasion and shock from raw materials.

Material Feature

Made of high manganese alloy steel with strong wear resistance. After long-time operation, surface teeth will wear flat, which lowers crushing efficiency and needs complete replacement.

Two Types

Fixed jaw plate: Mounted stationary on front machine frame;

Movable jaw plate: Attached on swing jaw body, moves back and forth to generate extrusion force.

2. Toggle Plate (Toggling Block)

Dual Core Functions

  1. Force transmission spare part: Transmit thrust from adjusting seat to the bottom of swing jaw, pushing movable jaw close to fixed jaw to finish compression crushing.
  2. Built-in safety protection component: Designed with weak fracture grooves. When uncrushable iron blocks enter the cavity and cause overload pressure, toggle plate breaks automatically to cut off thrust force. It protects expensive core parts like eccentric shaft, bearings and main frame from permanent damage.

Advantage

Low manufacturing cost; only replace a new toggle plate after overload failure instead of overhauling the whole equipment.

3. Eccentric Shaft Bearing & Bearing Bush

Function

High-load friction spare parts installed on both ends of eccentric shaft, supporting the rotary movement of eccentric shaft and swing jaw assembly.
  • Bear huge radial shock load generated during stone extrusion.
  • Form smooth rotating matching surface with eccentric shaft to reduce mechanical resistance.

Maintenance Tip

Lack of lubrication will lead to bearing bush ablation, resulting in machine jamming. Regular grease injection is required.

4. Flywheel

Function

Heavy cast metal spare parts installed symmetrically on two ends of eccentric shaft.
  1. Energy storage: Store redundant kinetic energy during swing jaw return idle stroke.
  2. Energy release: Output stored energy instantly during heavy-load crushing stroke, balance motor load and avoid sharp power surge.
  3. Power transfer medium: Connect with motor V-belts to receive rotary power input.

5. Tension Spring & Tie Rod (Pull Rod Assembly)

Combined Function

Cooperating reset spare parts for swing jaw circulation movement.
  1. Tie rod: A rigid steel bar linking swing jaw lower end and tension spring. Transmit spring pulling force.
  2. Tension spring: High-strength compression spring. After each compression stroke, spring rebounds and pulls swing jaw away from fixed jaw via tie rod, widening crushing cavity for qualified stones to discharge by gravity.

Failure Performance

Broken spring or bent tie rod will cause swing jaw unable to reset normally, blocking material discharge.

6. Adjusting Wedge Blocks

Function

Adjustment spare parts installed at machine rear, matched with toggle seat to change discharge opening width.
  • Push wedge blocks forward: Narrow bottom gap to produce fine crushed aggregate.
  • Pull wedge blocks backward: Widen gap to output coarse large-size stones.

Usage Note

All gap adjustment operations must be finished under power-off state for safety.

7. Side Guard Plates (Cheek Plates)

Function

Wear-resistant lining spare parts mounted on left and right inner walls of machine frame.
  1. Prevent stones from splashing out of crushing cavity during operation, improve site safety.
  2. Isolate direct friction between raw materials and steel frame, protect main frame from abrasion and extend service life of whole equipment.

8. V-Belt & Belt Pulley

Transmission Spare Parts Function

Connect motor output shaft and flywheel to transfer rotary torque.
  • V-belts buffer vibration generated during crushing to reduce rigid impact on motor.
  • Multiple groups of belts share load; broken belts will cut off power transmission and stop crushing work.

9. Eccentric Shaft Sleeve

Function

Wear bushing sleeved on eccentric shaft contact position. It is a vulnerable buffer part between eccentric shaft and swing jaw body. Replaceable sleeve avoids direct wear on expensive eccentric shaft, greatly lowering maintenance cost.

10. Jaw Plate Fixing Wedges & Bolts

Function

Fastening spare parts for jaw plates. Lock fixed/movable jaw plates tightly on frame and swing jaw body to prevent tooth plate loosening or falling off under strong stone impact during operation. Regular tightening inspection is needed.

Summary of Spare Parts Division by Core Role

  1. Crushing & wear-resisting consumables: Jaw plates, cheek plates
  2. Safety spare part: Toggle plate
  3. Power transmission spare parts: Flywheel, V-belt, pulley, eccentric shaft sleeve
  4. Reset circulation spare parts: Tension spring, tie rod
  5. Discharge control spare parts: Adjusting wedge blocks
  6. Auxiliary fastening spare parts: Fixing wedges, bolts
  7. Friction bearing spare parts: Bearing bush, eccentric shaft bearing